Archaeologists
in Greece have excavated an ancient healing temple in the acropolis of
Feneos dedicated to Asclepius, god of healing. Along with the
foundations of the sacred temple, researchers also found an enormous
statue of Asclepius, and his daughter Hygeia; an elaborate mosaic floor,
marble podiums, and offering tables.
International Business Times reports that the 2,400-year-old temple,
known as Asclepion (a healing temple dedicated to the god Ascelpius) was
first discovered in 1958. However, archaeologists have only recently
carried out extensive excavations of the site and have been able to
piece together the layout of the site, as well as unearth numerous
important artifacts.
Asclepius, the God of Healing
Asclepius, a son of Apollo, was a god of medicine in ancient Greek
mythology. We are all familiar with Asclepius in a way, since the symbol
that is used for medicine, the snake entwined staff, was the rod of
Asclepius. According to mythology, Asclepius was brought up by the
mysterious figure of ancient Greek mythology, the centaur Chiron, who
raised Asclepius and taught him about the art of medicine. Because
Asclepius used his powers to bring people from Hades (meaning
resurrecting them), the God of Hades complained to Zeus because
Asclepius converted many people from humans to immortals. The result was
for Zeus to kill Asclepius with thunder.
Asclepions – Healing Temples dedicated to Asclepius
Asclepions were holy temples for worshiping Asclepius, but at the
same time they were the first known hospitals in the history of western
civilization. There were approximately 320 Asclepions (hospitals) in
Ancient Greece. Disease was considered a result of multiple social,
environmental, psychological, spiritual, emotional and physical
interactions. As such, physicians took a holistic approach to treatment,
which included psychotherapy, massage, herbal remedies, mud and bathing
treatments, surgeries and the drinking of water, which were prescribed
according to what dreams the patient had experienced – it was believed
that dreams recounted a visit by Asclepius, who held the key to curing
all illness.
There was even a theatre at the Asklepion, to entertain the patients
who would often stay for weeks. All of this was done in the belief that
healing was a sacred art and that people’s souls needed to be mended as
well as their bodies.
Asclepion at Feneos
The Greek Ministry of Culture has revealed that in the recently
excavated Asclepion at Feneos, Corinth, archaeologists found an
inscribed pedestal with a very large statue of Asclepius, along with his
daughter Hygieia, the goddess of health, cleanliness, and sanitation,
which had been carved by famous ancient Greek sculptor Attalus.
Marble relief of Asclepius and his daughter
Hygieia. From Therme, Greece, end of the 5th century BC. Istanbul
Archaeological Museums
“In the centre of the hall there is a mosaic floor with geometric
shapes, guilloches and meander,” reports International Business Times.
“In a second room, north of the main hall, there was a podium that would
have had two bronze statues standing on it. These were later replaced
by stone. In front of the podium was a marble offering table. A room to
the south was also found, but its function and purpose is unclear – the
only marker is a window in the north-eastern end. The excavation also
showed how the outdoor courtyard (which had been found previously) was
in a 'P' shape and that the path of the peristyle and courtyard led to
the entrance to the sanctuary via a ramp. The courtyard was plastered
with mortar in a range of colours and lion head gutters.”
An area within the ancient healing temple with fragments from a statue. Greek Ministry of Culture
Archaeologists have determined that some parts of the temple were first constructed in the 4
th
century BC, while the main construction occurred 200 years later. The
temple was largely destroyed during an earthquake in the 1
st century AD.
Today, thousands of people still travel to ancient Asklepions every
year in the hopes of being healed. Tradition says that the ancient
therapies based on both psychological and physical treatments were
highly successful in restoring health.
Source: www.ancient-origins.net